Nursing Diagnosis and Nursing Intervention for Atrial Septal Defect

Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital heart defect in which blood flows between the atria (upper chambers) of the heart. As a baby develops in the womb, a wall (called the interatrial septum) forms that divides the upper chamber into a left and right atrium. An abnormal formation of this wall can result in a hole that remains after birth. This is called an atrial septal defect, or ASD. Normally, the atria are separated by a dividing wall, the interatrial septum.


Symptoms that do occur may begin at any time after birth through childhood.

• Difficulty breathing (dyspnea)
• Frequent respiratory infections in children
• Feeling the heart beat (palpitations) in adults
• Shortness of breath with activity

Possible Complications

• Arrhythmias, particularly atrial fibrillation
• Heart failure
• Heart infections (endocarditis)
• High blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs (pulmonary hypertension )
• Stroke

Nursing Diagnosis and Nursing Intervention for Atrial Septal Defect

1. Risk for Decreased Cardiac Output

Related to

defect structure

Goal:
The client will demonstrate improved cardiac output.

Expected outcomes:

• Heart frequency, blood pressure, and peripheral perfusion are at the normal age-appropriate.
• Adequate urine output (between 0.5 to 2 ml / kg, depending on age)

Nursing Intervention for Atrial Septal Defect

• Give medication according to the program, using the precautions designed to prevent toxisitas.
• Give afterload-lowering drugs according to program
• Give diuretics according to courses

2. Risk for Infection

Related to

weakness physical status

Goal:
Clients do not show evidence of infection

Expected outcomes:
Children are free from infection.

Nursing Intervention for Atrial Septal Defect

• Avoid contact with infected individuals
• Give adequate rest
• Give optimal nutrition to support the body's natural defenses.

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